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|ethnic_groups_year = 2001〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=British Indian Ocean Territory )〕 |capital = |latd= |latm= |latNS= |longd= |longm= |longEW= |largest_settlement = Camp Justice |largest_settlement_type = settlement |status = |government_type = Dependency under a constitutional monarchy |leader_title1 = Monarch |leader_name1 = Elizabeth II |leader_title2 = Commissioner |leader_name2 = Peter Hayes〔(British Indian Ocean Territory (British Overseas Territory) ), Foreign and Commonwealth Office. Retrieved 24 November 2012.〕 |leader_title3 = Administrator |leader_name3 = Tom Moody〔 |leader_title4 = Responsible Ministera (UK) |leader_name4 = |sovereignty_type = Established |sovereignty_note = in 1965 |area_magnitude = 1 E6 |area_km2 = 54,400 |area_sq_mi = 21,004 |area_label2 = Land |area_data2 = 60 km2 23 sq mi |percent_water = 99.89 |population_estimate = 3,000〔(【引用サイトリンク】 url=http://www.biotpostoffice.com/about-1.asp )〕 |population_estimate_year = |population_census = |population_census_year = |population_density_km2 = 58.3 |population_density_sq_mi = 160.0 |GDP_PPP = |GDP_PPP_year = |GDP_PPP_per_capita = |Gini_year = |Gini_change = |Gini = |Gini_ref = |HDI_year = |HDI_change = |HDI = |HDI_ref = |currency = |currency_code = |country_code = |time_zone = |utc_offset = +6 |time_zone_DST = |utc_offset_DST = |drives_on = right |calling_code = +246 |cctld = .io |footnote_a = For the Overseas Territories. }} The British Indian Ocean Territory (BIOT) is an overseas territory of the United Kingdom situated in the Indian Ocean halfway between Tanzania and Indonesia. The territory comprises the seven atolls of the Chagos Archipelago with over 1,000 individual islandsmany tinyamounting to a total land area of . The largest and most southerly island is Diego Garcia, , the site of a joint military facility of the United Kingdom and the United States. Following the eviction of the native population, the Chagossians, in the 1960s and '70s, the only inhabitants are US and British military personnel and associated contractors, who collectively number around 4,000 (2004 figures).〔 The islands are off-limits to casual tourists, the media, and their former inhabitants. Mauritius sought to resume control over the Chagos Archipelago which was split from its territory by the UK in 1965 to form the British Indian Ocean Territory. Between 1968 and 1973, the Chagossians, then numbering about 2,000 people, were expelled by the British government to Mauritius and Seychelles to allow the United States to establish a military base on the island. Today, the exiled Chagossians are still trying to return, claiming that the forced expulsion and dispossession was illegal (see Depopulation of Diego Garcia).〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=HISTORICAL BACKGROUND - WHAT HAPPENED TO THE CHAGOS ARCHIPELAGO ? )〕 == History == Maldivian mariners knew the Chagos Islands well. In Maldivian lore, they are known as ''Fōlhavahi'' or ''Hollhavai'' (the latter name in the closer Southern Maldives). According to Southern Maldivian oral tradition, traders and fishermen were occasionally lost at sea and got stranded on one of the islands of the Chagos. Eventually they were rescued and brought back home. However, these islands were judged to be too far away from the Maldives to be settled permanently by them. Thus, for many centuries the Chagos were ignored by their northern neighbours. The islands of Chagos Archipelago were charted by Vasco da Gama in the early sixteenth century, then claimed in the eighteenth century by France as a possession of Mauritius. They were first settled in the 18th century by African slaves and Indian contractors brought by Franco-Mauritians to found coconut plantations. In 1810, Mauritius was captured by the United Kingdom, and France ceded the territory in the Treaty of Paris. In 1965, the United Kingdom split the Chagos Archipelago from Mauritius and the islands of Aldabra, Farquhar and Desroches (Des Roches) from the Seychelles to form the British Indian Ocean Territory. The purpose was to allow the construction of military facilities for the mutual benefit of the United Kingdom and the United States. The islands were formally established as an overseas territory of the United Kingdom on 8 November 1965. On 23 June 1976, Aldabra, Farquhar and Desroches were returned to Seychelles as a result of its attaining independence. Subsequently, BIOT has consisted only of the six main island groups comprising the Chagos Archipelago. In 1990, the first BIOT flag was unfurled. This flag, as well as containing the flag of the United Kingdom, has depictions of the Indian Ocean, where the islands are located, in the form of white and blue wavy lines and also a palm tree rising above the British crown. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「British Indian Ocean Territory」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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